准噶尔盆地西北缘及玛湖凹陷沉积储集层研究进展^*          下载免费PDF全文

张昌民  尹太举  唐勇  郭旭光  赵康  潘进  陈美玲 《古地理学报》2020,22(1):129-146

准噶尔盆地西北缘玛湖凹陷中心区10×10⁸ t级砾岩大油区的发现,带动了该区沉积储集层研究的不断深入。作者梳理了准噶尔盆地西北缘及玛湖凹陷的沉积储集层研究现状和进展,认为准噶尔盆地西北缘及玛湖凹陷的沉积储集层研究的进展主要表现为: (1)提出了新的砂砾岩储集层岩石相和岩石学分析方法;(2)探索形成了新的沉积储集层地球物理测井和地震描述技术;(3)针对不同层系,在沉积物源、沉积相、沉积环境、沉积体系和沉积模式等方面取得大量新认识,建立了大型退覆式浅水缓坡扇三角洲沉积模式,指导油气勘探不断获得新突破;(4)在成岩作用理论指导下,所发现的储集层埋藏深度不断增加。研究表明,玛湖凹陷的沉积体系具有继承性: 从二叠纪到新近纪,发育了火山—碎屑岩沉积体系、细粒—蒸发盐沉积体系以及粗粒冲积扇、扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲等沉积体系,气候、构造和湖平面变化控制了沉积体系的形成和演化。沉积储集层研究为玛湖砾岩大油田的发现提供了有力的理论支持。未来应当加强针对古老层系和深部地层的沉积储集层研究工作,重视新理论新技术在西北缘和玛湖沉积储集层研究中的应用,已经形成的理论技术需要在勘探实践中接受进一步检验和完善。  相似文献   

《东北地区1：150万大地构造相图》的编制     

刘英才  付俊彧  赵春荆  那福超  宋维民 《地质与资源》2020,29(1):1-6

东北地区1：150万大地构造相图是2018年出版的一份区域性大地构造图.该图依据不断积累和丰富的基础地质资料，将大地构造理论研究与综合应用汇总和集成，是东北地区科技创新成果和技术方法进步转化应用的重要体现.此次编图以板块构造理论和大陆动力学思维为指导，以多岛洋、弧-盆系发展演化观点为切入点，运用大地构造相分析方法，研究东北地区地壳形成、演化历史，以及大地构造环境及其与成矿作用的时空关系.较系统地阐述了东北地区的岩石构造组合、建造构造与构造演化阶段的宏观背景.  相似文献   

Environmental determinants of species turnover of aquatic Heteroptera in freshwater ecosystems of the Western Ghats,India     

《Limnologica》2020

Partitioning beta diversity into its two components of spatial turnover and nestedness is a more robust method for checking spatial variability in biological communities than calculating the total beta diversity alone. The relative contribution of spatial turnover and nestedness has been used to test the effects of climatic, environmental, spatial and temporal variables on community composition. In this study, we tested the effects of environmental factors and microhabitat features on total beta diversity and its spatial turnover and nestedness components using a comprehensive dataset of aquatic Heteroptera collected from four types of permanent freshwater habitats (i.e. streams, ponds, rock tanks and reservoirs) in the Western Ghats of India. We observed that communities in all four types of habitats were predominantly shaped by dissimilarity caused due to spatial turnover (>85 %). Each type of habitat showed the presence of one or more species uniquely associated with it, which might contribute to the turnover between communities. The abiotic environment (climatic factors, topological factors, soil characteristics and microhabitat features) as well as assemblage structure differed significantly between habitat types. Communities in each type of habitat were affected by different environmental factors, such as precipitation and temperature patterns for streams, altitude and rocky substrate for rock tanks, and soil characteristics and the presence of aquatic macrophytes for ponds and reservoirs. Assemblages observed in the four types of permanent habitats are thus compositionally distinct due to species replacements between local communities, which in turn are strongly influenced by environmental variables. Similar to previous studies, our results show that spatial turnover largely measures the same phenomenon as total beta diversity on a regional scale.  相似文献   

2019年四川长宁6.0级地震序列时空演化特征及其地震构造环境研究     

宫悦  王宇玺  梁明剑  龙锋  赵敏 《地震》2020,40(4):90-102

地震序列类型能够直观地反映构造应力场环境、 地震构造及孕震环境介质的差异性。 主—余型地震多发生在相对均匀的介质环境, 而前—主—余型地震及震群型地震往往发生在复杂的构造环境。 2019年6月17日四川省宜宾市长宁县发生的6.0级地震余震活动总体呈NW向分布, 其南东段的余震呈相对单一的NW向条带状, 而北西段的余震活动呈现丛集的特征。 两段的地震序列类型也表现出明显的差异性, 南东段地震序列为主—余型, 序列衰减速度较快; 北西段地震序列为震群型, 序列初期衰减非常缓慢, 余震丰富。 此次6.0级地震序列发生在长宁—双河大背斜上, 该复式背斜主要由多个次级褶皱构造和不同走向的伴生断层组成, 结构复杂。 长宁6.0级地震序列的分段性特征表明, 该地震序列不是发生在单一的断裂构造上, 为多个构造级联破裂所导致的复合型地震序列。 此外, 序列北西段余震的深度逐渐变深, 可能预示着该区域受华蓥山断裂带活动的影响, 地震序列对华蓥山断裂带未来地震活动的影响应引起关注。  相似文献   

新时代澳门海洋生态环境保护策略研究          下载免费PDF全文

张晓浩  严金辉 《海洋开发与管理》2020,37(6):55-59

文章结合国家有关海洋生态文明建设的要求和澳门海域实际情况，分析海域对于澳门经济社会发展的重要意义，明确“十四五”时期海洋生态环境保护的应对策略，包括：强化海洋空间管控，构建绿色发展格局；开展岸线整治修复，实施生态恢复工程；维护滨海湿地功能，推动海湾综合治理；建设旅游基础设施，发展海洋旅游市场；实施污染联防联控，有效推动公众参与。同时，结合澳门实际情况，提出中长期海洋生态环境保护策略，助力澳门在新时代“粤港澳大湾区”和“一带一路”建设中发挥更大作用。  相似文献   

广东省海洋生态环境现状及保护对策建议          下载免费PDF全文

胡平  严淑青  石萍  郑兆勇  林丽茹 《海洋开发与管理》2020,37(6):115-120

广东省作为海洋强省，海洋经济总量连续多年居全国首位，不断助力海洋强国建设。海洋生态环境的有效保护是海洋经济高质量发展的重要前提，文章在分析广东省近年来海洋生态环境状况、面临的机遇和挑战的基础上，提出海洋生态环境保护的建议，主要包括：健全源头管控，制定各类型入海排污口管控措施，实施动态监管；开展入海江河整治，减少入海营养盐负荷，逐步建立“河长制”和“湾长制”的衔接机制；加强用海风险防范，严控海洋环境风险，构建事前防范、事后管控、事后处置的全过程海洋生态风险防范体系；实施洁净海岸带工程，强化海洋生态修复，提升公众亲海岸线的生态空间品质；强化海洋资源高效利用，坚持海洋经济绿色发展，加快推动海洋经济高质量发展；推动人才队伍建设，保障监测技能提能增效，提升全省海洋环境监测信息化水平。  相似文献   

Analysis of suspended sediment dynamics at event scale: comparison between a Mediterranean and an Alpine basin     

Stefano Giorgio Pagano  Adriana García-Rama  Francesco Gentile  Mario Aristide Lenzi 《水文科学杂志》2019,64(8):948-961

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鲁西大汶口地区全新世临沂组沉积物粒度分布特征及地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

高明波 《山东国土资源》2018,34(7)

出露于大汶口盆地的临沂组为一套第四系松散堆积物,上部以土黄色、灰黄色含砂质粉砂、粉砂质粘土为主,下部为砂砾石层,是大汶口盆地内河流演化过程中的沉积响应和物质记录。通过对临沂组进行研究,可以反演大汶口盆地第四纪以来的沉积区水动力环境、物质运移方式和沉积环境。该文在区域地质调查工作的基础上,结合粒度分析频率曲线、概率累积曲线、粒度参数和沉积物宏观特征,对临沂组的沉积相、沉积环境和沉积韵律进行了研究。研究表明,大汶口地区临沂组下部为河床亚相边滩沉积微相,上部为河漫亚相河漫滩沉积微相,经历了由简单高能→复杂中能-中低能→简单中低能→复杂中低能的水动力沉积环境变化。另外依据岩石组合特征,将其划分为4个明显的沉积韵律和1个不明显的沉积韵律组。  相似文献   

Variation in the sediment deposition behind check‐dams under different soil erosion conditions on the Loess Plateau,China          下载免费PDF全文

Yanhong Wei  Zhong He  Juying Jiao  Yujin Li  Yixian Chen  Hengkang Zhao 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(9):1899-1912

To maintain a reasonable sediment regulation system in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, it is critical to determine the variation in sediment deposition behind check‐dams for different soil erosion conditions. Sediment samples were collected by using a drilling machine in the Fangta watershed of the loess hilly–gully region and the Manhonggou watershed of the weathered sandstone hilly–gully (pisha) region. On the basis of the check‐dam capacity curves, the soil bulk densities and the couplet thickness in these two small watersheds, the sediment yields were deduced at the watershed scale. The annual average sediment deposition rate in the Manhonggou watershed (702.0 mm/(km²·a)) from 1976 to 2009 was much higher than that in the Fangta watershed (171.6 mm/(km²·a)) from 1975 to 2013. The soil particle size distributions in these two small watersheds were generally centred on the silt and sand fractions, which were 42.4% and 50.7% in the Fangta watershed and 60.6% and 32.9% in the Manhonggou watershed, respectively. The annual sediment deposition yield exhibited a decreasing trend; the transition years were 1991 in the Fangta watershed and 1996 in the Manhonggou watershed (P < 0.05). In contrast, the annual average sediment deposition yield was much higher in the Manhonggou watershed (14011.1 t/(km²·a)) than in the Fangta watershed (3149.6 t/(km²·a)). In addition, the rainfalls that induced sediment deposition at the check‐dams were greater than 30 mm in the Fangta watershed and 20 mm in the Manhonggou watershed. The rainfall was not the main reason for the difference in the sediment yield between the two small watersheds. The conversion of farmland to forestland or grassland was the main reason for the decrease in the soil erosion in the Fangta watershed, while the weathered sandstone and bare land were the main factors driving the high sediment yield in the Manhonggou watershed. Knowledge of the sediment deposition process of check‐dams and the variation in the catchment sediment yield under different soil erosion conditions can serve as a basis for the implementation of improved soil erosion and sediment control strategies, particularly in semi‐arid hilly–gully regions. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

中国重点产业创新产出时空分异及影响因素     

王彬燕  王士君  田俊峰  浩飞龙 《地理研究》2019,38(2):259-272

采用Mann-Kendall、Theil指数、空间马尔科夫链等方法,对1994-2014年中国十大重点产业创新产出时空演化进行分析,并对创新发展空间分异成因进行了探讨。研究表明：① 研究期内,中国重点产业创新产出分为两个时段,成果呈指数型增长;② 创新产出差异先增后减,东、中、西、东北板块间差异小于板块内部,创新产出发展呈现出传染扩散与等级扩散的双重特征;③ 邻域环境影响创新发展,创新产出水平发生类型转移的单元集中在东、中部地区,且活跃度不断提升;④ 经济社会与政策条件、高等教育基础条件对重点产业创新发展有明显的正向驱动作用,而工业化程度影响微弱,未来加强对高等教育基础与智力资本的投入可进一步增强重点产业创新发展竞争力。  相似文献